C10K Coordination Chemistry.

Some definitions

The transition metals are generally defined as the elements existing between the Alkali metals and earths (Groups 1 and 2) and the non-metal elements (Groups 13 - 18). That is they are the elements where the d-orbitals are being filled.

The first-row transition metals coincide with the filling of the 3-d orbitals and they are defined as possessing filled or partially filled valence d orbitals in one or more of their oxidation states.

For this reason, Scandium and Zinc are usually ignored in simple discussions since Sc(III) and Zn(II) are their major oxidation states and these are d0 and d10 respectively.

A coordination compound, sometimes called a coordination complex, contains a central metal atom or ion surrounded by a number of oppositely charged ions or neutral molecules (possessing lone pairs of electrons) which are known as ligands.

If a ligand is capable of forming more than one bond with the central metal atom or ion, then ring structures are produced which are known as Metal Chelates, the ring forming groups are described as chelating agents or polydentate ligands.

The coordination number of the central metal atom or ion is the total number of sites occupied by ligands. Note: a bidentate ligand uses two sites, a tridentate three sites etc.

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